Serious mental illness (SMI) is a complex and challenging condition that affects not only mental health but also physical well-being. A new meta-analysis has shown that individuals with SMI, such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia spectrum disorders, are at a twofold increased risk for comorbid physical illnesses. This highlights the importance of integrated care models that address both mental and physical health outcomes in this population.
Reduced life expectancy is a well-known consequence of SMI, and experts believe that additional chronic illnesses, whether physical or psychiatric, may contribute to this association. The recent study, published in The Lancet Psychiatry, focused on both physical and psychiatric multimorbidity in individuals with SMI. The researchers analyzed data from 82 observational studies involving over 1.6 million individuals with SMI and found a significant risk for physical multimorbidity in this population.
Physical multimorbidity, which includes various health conditions such as cardiovascular, endocrine, neurological, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and infectious disorders, was found to be prevalent in individuals with SMI. Interestingly, the risk of physical multimorbidity was higher in younger populations with SMI compared to older populations. Lifestyle factors, side effects of medications, and non-modifiable risk factors were speculated to contribute to this increased risk.
The study's findings emphasize the need for a more comprehensive approach to healthcare for individuals with SMI. Instead of treating mental and physical health in isolation, integrated care models that address the complexity of chronic disease burden in this population are essential. Greater awareness and understanding of the epidemiological manifestations of multimorbidity in SMI are crucial for improving overall health outcomes.
In conclusion, the study sheds light on the significant burden of physical illness faced by individuals with SMI and emphasizes the urgent need for integrated care models that address both mental and physical health outcomes. By recognizing and addressing the complex healthcare needs of individuals with SMI, we can work towards improving their overall well-being and quality of life.